Answers
Answers to August's Summer Holiday Extravaganza
1. When standing in anatomical position, what muscles are used to allow the head to look down towards your feet?
The muscles along the posterior aspect of the C-Spine and upper T-spine primarily. These will allow the neck to be lowered, resisting the pull of gravity, rather than pulled down (with no control) with gravity by the muscles on the anterior body. The muscles, therefore, include the erector spinae, trapezius, levator scapulae, sub-occipitals etc.
2. What type of muscle contraction is this?
Eccentric
3. Where is the ilio-lumbar ligament?
It runs from L4 & 5 to the iliac crest and posterior pelvis. It can often be implicated in back and groin pain. It can be palpated in some in the gap between the iliac crests posteriorly and the low lumbar spine.
4. What is Thoracic Outlet Syndrome?
It is a condition where the brachial plexus (the nerves which run from the neck to supply the upper limb) can become compressed and cause pain and neurological symptoms in the upper limb. Muscles which can cause this are typically scalenes and pec minor. The 1st rib, a cervical rib and lung tumours can also cause it. If the cause is muscular, appropriate massage techniques may be of benefit, otherwise consider referral to a more suitable health care practitioner.
5. Where do you find zagoapophyseal joints?
They are the synovial joints linking the vertebrae.
6. By what name are these joints more commonly known?
Facet joints.
7. R.I.C.E. is sometimes elongated to P.R.I.C.E.R. What do the extra 2 letters stand for?
P - prevention/ R - rehabilitation
8. How many phalanges have we got in each hand?
14 (3 in each finger and 2 in the thumb)
9. Name 15 contra-indications.
Unexplained or disproportionate pain, undiagnosed mass, cancer, suspected fracture or rupture (soft tissue), acute infection or inflammation ,recent severe cardiovascular problems, unexplained bruising, ulcers (local), varicose veins (local), infections, alcohol or recreational drug use, DVT
10. What is the capital city of Norway?
Oslo (but trying suggesting that it's Stockholm to a Norwegian and see the response you get. My advice - run...)
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